English Grammar & Literature

                                          NETWORK OF COMMUNICATION The pattern of contacts among the members of the organization and the flow of information among them is a communication network. The network helps managers to establish contacts in different patterns through communication flows. The network depends upon the magnitude of the organization, the nature of communication channels in the organization, and the number of persons involved in the process. There can be many patterns of communication networks. 1. Vertical Network: The vertical network is usually between the superior and subordinate and vice versa. It is two-way communication. Immediate feedback is possible in this type of communication network. It is a formal network. 2. Circuit Network: Under this network, two persons communicate with each other. Say Mr. ‘A’ sends a message to Mr. ‘B...

  Referent Definition:  A referent is the concrete object or concept that is designated by a word or expression. A referent is an object, action, state, relationship, or attribute in the referential realm Words are used to represent things and experiences in the real or imagined world. Different words can be used to describe the same thing or experience.   A referring expression is a piece of language, a noun phrase that is used in an utterance and is linked outside language, some living or dead or imaginary entity or concept. A referring expression is generally used to identify a particular person or thing ( noun, noun phrase or pronoun). Mr. Smith, the headmaster, is very diligent. He loves to perform his duties well. In the above examples, Mr Smith, the headmaster , he and his are referents.   Reference is often contrasted with 'sense'—semantic relations between words (e.g.,...